Saturday, October 22, 2011

Biopro 190 - Home Biodiesel Equipment (Part 4)

!: Biopro 190 - Home Biodiesel Equipment (Part 4)

The little brother to the Biopro 380 is the Biopro 190. It was invented by HER energy which is a company out of Chico, California that manufactures these. It is the original unit that they produced. They then moved up to a 380, which can do 100 gallons, then they also have a small one that can do 40 gallons. This unit allows you to make 50 gallons of fuel every 48 hours. It works exactly like the larger unit, only it's smaller so it would fit perfectly in a garage. It handily doesn't say biodiesel on it anywhere, so it doesn't give you away as to what you're doing in your garage. It just says Biopro 190. It does make wonderful biodiesel. In fact, the fuel made in this machine is so good, when done right, that you can actually pass what are called the ASTM standards for biodiesel, which allows you the opportunity to apply to sell the fuel. We've tested it multiple times, we know it's good. What we're going to do now is, we actually have made a batch in this machine, and if our camera will pan down near the bottom here, we'll notice that we have finished fuel. We have drained off the glycerin, from this machine, and so we now have 50 gallons, of washed, dried, reactive, ready to use fuel to put in our vehicles. And so how we're going to work this is I have a handy hose that attaches to the bottom of this unit, and then we're going to attach it to a hose up above, and this hose happens to attach to not just any fuel filler pump, but a GPI fuel filler pump, the best in the industry. It pumps massive amounts of fuel, incredibly fast. So I hook this up, and just like having a gas station at my house, I open my valve down at the bottom, pull off my fuel filler pump, I turn it on, and I walk over to a barrel, and I've got fuel.

Beautiful, golden fuel, ready to use in my vehicle for under a dollar a gallon. This fuel filler pump just chugs like a banshee? Take a look at how beautiful golden color that is. We're going to fill this barrel and another barrel all the way full. This can actually be put right into a vehicle. The fuel that comes out of these Biopro's is so incredibly clear that I'm going to take this glass jar, and put a little bit of it in it, and you'll be amazed at how clear this is. In fact, this looks cleaner than most diesel fuel. I'll put this in here and keep that going. While I'm fueling I have beautiful, crystal clear fuel that I can now put in diesels. One of the benefits of using this is, I've made this fuel for 96 cents a gallon and then I get to turn around and claim the tax credit because I use waste vegetable oil to make it. I'm making' fuel for 46 cents a gallon, that's pretty darn cool to me. We've now filled up the barrel below it, so we decided to fill the one up above it. Nothing' like free fuel huh? Again, to do this, we've gone out and collected oil, we've come back, we've filtered it, we've put it in the machine, we've added some chemicals, we let it rip, we came back and drained off the glycerin. Then we washed it. Then we let it dry, and we have pure gold baby. Biodiesel, the truck, the fuel, everything you need to get down the road.

One of the benefits of the Biopro 190, 380 and the 150 is that they automatically wash. In fact, all I have to do to wash a batch is press the wash button. It begins a batch, spraying water in, and it just takes care of it. It also dries it. However, we have no oil in here so I can actually manually override everything so I can make stuff any way I want. And then we're going to turn on the water so we can show you how great the water actually going' in is.

So we've now just finished draining this fuel, you can hear it kind of screaming here. We now put 50 gallons of biodiesel into these barrels over here, and so we're now finished. So we now have the complete process. So we've now shown you from start to finish how to make fuel; we bring it in, we filter it, we haven't had to titrate in this setting if you've noticed, and that's because these machines use sulfuric acid, as long as we know that they titrate below 16, which is about 5% free fatty-acid, these machines will handle it. They really don't care about high free fatty-acid oil. The oil does have to be fairly dry just like we talked about earlier, but if it's dry oil, and it's below 5% free fatty-acid, we simply throw it in here. We always have the same amount of chemicals every time, we push the buttons and we let them rip. The cost on these machines is a little bit high, but you're getting an industrial grade machine for the Biopro 190 it runs about 8,395 plus shipping. It's eight thousand three hundred and ninety five dollars. And then for the Biopro 380, which is the hundred gallon unit it runs about 12,995 dollars. If you're interested in seeing a machine anywhere near you, we have a full network of dealers. We have them all over the United States, and we're moving into different countries as well. I happen to also be a dealer of Utah biodiesel supply, and if you can't find one contact me and I can put you in touch with someone who's bought one who would like to show it off. It's kind of like a nice new toy, we all like to brag about them. They're wonderful machines, they're incredibly sturdy, made of thick stainless steel, industrial grade components throughout them, and they make biodiesel batch after batch after batch. How's that? Thanks for watching. We hope to see you again.


Biopro 190 - Home Biodiesel Equipment (Part 4)

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Monday, October 17, 2011

Introduction to Gas Measuring With Draeger Gas Detection Instruments

!: Introduction to Gas Measuring With Draeger Gas Detection Instruments

Gas measurement serves as a technical aid and an assessment of the concentration is only possible with a gas measurement device. To determine the hazard potential of a gas it is necessary to measure its concentration and to consider the duration of exposure and other parameters such as the type of work being performed.

Natural, ambient air is chemically a gas mixture that consists of 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen 0.03% carbon dioxide as well as argon, helium and other rare gases in trace centrations. In addition there is water vapor, e. g. humidity. If the concentrations of the components change, or a foreign gas is added, we no longer have natural air. When these changes occur, the potential for adverse health effects exist.

The spectrum of other so-called air components can be extremely broad. It can range from the pleasant fragrance of a good perfume to the over powering stench of hydrogen sulfide. Likewise, the hazard of each "air pollutant" varies considerably. The type of substance,its concentration and duration of occurrence, as well as probable synergistic effects with certain gas compounds must all be considered. In addition, there are many air pollutants which cannot be perceived by human senses because they are colorless and odorless (e. g. carbon monoxide).

If the composition of the natural air changes in any way, it should be tested, to determine the substance which caused this change. Even substances with distinctive odors cannot be reliably assessed with the aid of the olfactory nerve in the nose. The olfactory nerve can become desensitized after a certain period of time or repeated exposure, making it impossible to smell even immediately dangerous concentrations. After a few hours we do not even perceive the pleasant fragrance of our own perfume and high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide escape from the sense of smell even after a very short while.

Subjectively, one persons sense of smell may be more sensitive to certain air pollutants than others. In many cases substances are noticed in very low concentrations which, even after a long-term exposure do not necessarily cause adverse health effects. In general the sense of smell is sufficient in determining the presence of air pollutants, but the need exists for an objective gas analysis method. Gas measurement serves as a technical aid and an assessment of the concentration is only possible with a gas measurement device. To determine the hazard potential of a gas it is necessary to measure its concentration and to consider the duration of exposure and other parameters such as the type of work being performed.

An important prerequisite to determining the potential of any gaseous air pollutants is the determination of the concentration with a suitable gas measurement device. The kind of device to be used depends on which gases have to be measured and how often. Much to the dismay of both the user and the manufacturer, there is no universal instrument which measures all gases or vapors. The variety of substances is too wide for a single technique to measure all possible air pollutants. The more chemically complex a substance is, the more complex the gas measurement technique.

It may be that more than one measurement device or measurement method may be employed, each based on different operational principles. The instrumentation industry offers various devices for this purpose which can be used, individually or in combination on the measurement task:

- flame ionization detectors

- photo ionization detectors

- gas chromatographs

- infrared spectrometers

- UV-VIS photometers

- warning devices for explosion hazards

- Draeger-Tubes

- Draeger Chip-Measurement-System

- laboratory analysis in conjunction with sampling tubes or gas wash bottles (impinger)

- mass spectrometers

- substance selective instruments with e. g. electrochemical sensors

The choice of which monitor or measurement method to use depends upon the objective.

The user must evaluate the situation and determine which substances to measure, how often, etc. Each of the above mentioned devices and methods have advantages and limitations. There is no universal monitor for all possible scenarios. For the selection of a suitable measuring device and to support the user in solving measurement problems, Draeger Safety AG & Co. KGaA offers competent know-how and technical assistance. The customer / employer should carefully train the user / employee on the use of their measurement device. Any use of the measurement device without receiving prior comprehensive training can be permitted by the customer / employer to the user / employees, at the customer / employees own risk.

Photo and flame ionization detectors are distinguished by short response periods but they do not offer substance selectivity. Gas chromatographs, infrared and UV-VIS photometers are very versatile but on the other hand they are comparatively expensive and require a specialist to calibrate the devices and interpret the readings correctly. Warning devices for explosion hazards like the Drager X-am 5000 are equipped with catalytical sensors to determine explosion levels of combustible gases and vapors. They are not designed to measure lower concentrations and thus are not suitable for this task.

Draeger-Tubes with direct reading colorimetric indication have many applications. Approximately 500 different substances can be measured with Drager-Tubes. Limited selectivity and the fact that Drager-Tubes are usually capable of only being used a once may present a disadvantage. If repeated measurements of the same substance are to be performed daily, a measurement device like the Draeger Pac 7000 CO with its electrochemical sensor for the measurement of carbon monoxide is more economic than Draeger-Tubes.

When complex mixtures (e. g. solvent mixtures), are present, usually only a laboratory analysis will suffice. The prerequisite is that the contaminated air is trapped in a sorbent sampling tube like silica gel or activated charcoal.

After collecting the sample, analysis is performed in the laboratory with gas chromatographic methods, or sometimes by the combination of gas chromatography / mass spectroscopy. Laboratory procedures of this kind offer particularly high selectivity, but the analysis devices are very expensive, requiring high maintenance costs and operation by specialists.

Regardless of the gas measurement device or what analysis procedure is used, it is essential that the contaminant of interest be identifiable and measurable. Apart from a few exceptions in process monitoring, it is very unlikely that concentrations of other substances can be determined by subtracting the concentration of the gas which can be identified. For example, if the oxygen concentration is below the 17 or 19.5 Vol. % limit, it cannot be said which substance has displaced the oxygen without further investigation. In the case of very high carbon dioxide concentrations there is the danger of suffocation; likewise if there is a leak in a gas pipeline the presence of methane poses an explosion hazard. Other contaminants present in the ppm range would not influence the oxygen measurement enough to alert anyone to a potential hazard. Since many of the occupational exposure limits are in the range of 1 ppm, the measurement by difference technique is typically inadequate.

Before each measurement an assessment of the situation should be made as to what contaminants are in question, at what locations, at what times, and so forth, according to established safety procedures. Monitoring according to established safety guidelines will help ensure safety in the workplace and effective use of monitoring equipment.

Please see our website: BuyDraegerSafety


Introduction to Gas Measuring With Draeger Gas Detection Instruments

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